Product Description
The OX-48 monoclonal antibody recognizes CD86, also referred to as OX-48 antigen or B7-2, which is a type I membrane protein from the immunoglobulin superfamily. CD86 is a costimulatory molecule that is distributed on subsets of T and B cells, dendritic cells (DCs), peritoneal macrophages, spleen macrophages, and polymorphs. CD86 is not expressed on resting lymphocytes. CD86 acts as a ligand for CD28 and CTLA-4. CD86 on DCs binds to CD28 on T cells, thereby providing T cells with costimulatory signals, significantly lowering the activation threshold and allowing naive T cells to be readily activated. Inversely, CD86 binding to CTLA-4 negatively regulates T cell activation and diminishes the immune response. CD86 is involved in the regulation of B cell function (IgG1 production) and the CD40-mediated activation of the NF-kappaB signaling pathway. Owing to its very low expression on CD4+CD25+ T cells, the targeting of CD86 with the OX-48 antibody is known for its ability to subdivide CD4+CD25+ T cells. in vitro experiments have shown that the addition of the OX-48 antibody to cell cultures leads to a blockade of CD86 binding with CD28, thereby inhibiting T cell proliferation.
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