| mPEG-thiol (MW 1000) is a surface modifier that can modify DNA thiolation and is used in the synthesis of gold nanorods (AuNR). mPEG-thiol can load thiolated DNA onto AuNR, form a covalent bond with the surface of gold nanoparticles through the thiol group, and stabilize the nanoparticles by the steric hindrance effect of the polyethylene glycol chain, preventing aggregation and enhancing its biocompatibility. mPEG-thiol can also provide a platform for the subsequent coupling of biomolecules by replacing surfactants on the surface of nanoparticles, thereby exerting its activity in promoting the functionalization of nanomaterials |