Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) is a member of the cytokine family. It is a polypeptide hormone that has the function of promoting the synthesis of neurotransmitters and the growth of neurites in a specific neuronal population. Its action seems to be limited to the nervous system. Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) exerts its biological effects by activating a multi-subunit receptor complex consisting of an extracellular CNTF-binding subunit (CNTFalpha) and two transmembrane signaling proteins (glycoprotein gp130 and LIF receptor). CNTF is thought to be a potent survival factor in neurons and oligodendrocytes and may be associated with reduced tissue destruction during inflammatory episodes. CNTF is also a survival factor for peripheral sensory sympathetic ganglions and ciliary ganglia neurons. CNTF has been reported to have therapeutic potential and to greatly differentiate.
