PD-L1 is a checkpoint regulator in immune cells, it is expressed on immune or non-hematopoietic cells. Expression of the protein is seen during pregnancy where it has a role in suppressing the immune system. PD-L1 induces an inhibitory signal in activated T-cells and promotes T-cell apoptosis. It is overexpressed in a number of different cancers where it is believed to play a significant role in the cancer s ability to evade the immune system. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
For coating for ELISA, order Ab without BSA|Higher concentration may be required for direct detection using primary antibody conjugates than for indirect detection with secondary antibody|Optimal dilution and staining procedure for a specific application should be determined by user|Recommended starting concentrations for titration are 1-2 ug/mL for most applications, or 1 ug/million cells/100 uL for flow cytometry
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