NECL-5, Nectin-like protein 5, PVR, CD155, Poliovirus receptor
CD155/Poliovirus receptor (PVR)/nectin-like 5 (Necl-5) is a transmembrane glycoprotein with extracellular immunoglobulin like domains, and an intracellular immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitor motif (ITIM). CD155 was originally described as a mediator of poliovirus attachment to cells, but has also been implicated in adherens junction formation. CD155 binds nectin-3, and interacts with integrin alphavbeta3 and PDGFR to regulate integrin clustering and focal contact formation at the leading edge of migrating cells. CD155 is also a ligand for immunoreceptors that regulate tumor surveillance. CD155 binds DNAX-associated molecule 1 (DNAX-1), an activating receptor on natural killer cells and cytotoxic T-cells. Alternatively, CD155 may bind TIGIT immunoreceptor inducing an immunosuppressive and non-cytotoxic profile. In cancers, CD155 expression has been associated with unfavorable prognosis in colon cancer, breast cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer, melanoma, and glioblastoma. Cancer therapies have targeted CD155 interactions with TIGIT, and have used CD155 as a point of entry for recombinant oncolytic polioviruses.
