GABARAP is cleaved at its carboxyl terminus, which leads to conjugation by either of the phospholipids phosphatidylethanolamine or phosphatidylserine. This processing converts GABARAP from a type I to a type II membrane bound form involved in autophagosome biogenesis. Processing of GABARAP involves cleavage by Atg4 family members followed by conjugation by the E1 and E2 like enzymes Atg7 and Atg3.
