Crassicaulin A, Crassicauline A, Crassicauline I, inhibit, Inhibitor
Crassicauline A and Yunaconitine exhibit feeding deterrent effects against Tribolium castaneum adults, with respective EC50 values of 1134.5 and 653.4 ppm. These diterpenoid alkaloids are utilized in entomological research to study insect behavior and develop novel botanical insecticide leads through in vitro bioassays.