| This gene product belongs to the 14-3-3 family of proteins which mediate signal transduction by binding to phosphoserine-containing proteins. This highly conserved protein family is found in both plants and mammals, and this protein is 99% identical to the mouse, rat and sheep orthologs. The encoded protein interacts with IRS1 protein, suggesting a role in regulating insulin sensitivity. Several transcript variants that differ in the 5 UTR but that encode the same protein have been identified for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008],caution:Was originally (PubMed:1577711) thought to have phospholipase A2 activity.,function:Adapter protein implicated in the regulation of a large spectrum of both general and specialized signaling pathway. Binds to a large number of partners, usually by recognition of a phosphoserine or phosphothreonine motif. Binding generally results in the modulation of the activity of the binding partner.,PTM:The delta, brain-specific form differs from the zeta form in being phosphorylated (By similarity). Phosphorylation on Ser-184 by MAPK8, promotes dissociation of BAX and translocation of BAX to mitochondria. Phosphorylation on Ser-58 by PKA, disrupts homodimerization and heterodimerization with YHAE and TP53. This phosphorylation appears to be activated by sphingosine. Phosphorylation on Thr-232, inhibits binding of RAF1.,similarity:Belongs to the 14-3-3 family.,subcellular location:Located to stage I to stage IV melanosomes.,subunit:Homodimer. Heterodimerizes with YWHAE. Homo- and hetero-dimerization is inhibited by phosphorylation on Ser-58. Interacts with FOXO4, NOXA1, SSH1 and ARHGEF2. Interacts with PCTK1 and BSPRY (By similarity). Interacts with WEE1 (C-terminal) (By similarity). Interacts with MLF1 (phosphorylated form), the interaction retains it in the cytoplasm (By similarity). Interacts with Thr-phosphorylated ITGB2 (By similarity). Interacts with Pseudomonas aeruginosa exoS (unphosphorylated form). Interacts with BAX, the interaction occurs in the cytoplasm. Under stress conditions, MAPK8-mediated phosphorylation releases BAX to mitochondria. Interacts with phosphorylated RAF1, the interaction is inhibited when YWHAZ is phosphorylated on Thr-232. Interacts with TP53, the interaction enhances p53 transcriptional acivity. The Ser-58 phosphorylated form inhibits this interaction and p53 transcriptional activity. Interacts with ABL1 (phosphorylated form), the interaction retains ABL1 in the cytoplasm. Interacts with AANAT (Thr-31 phosphorylated form), the interaction modulates AANAT enzymatic activity through preventing dephosphorylation and/or proteolysis and stabilizing substrate binding. Subsequently, a second molecule of AANAT (Ser-205 phosphorylated form), can bind the other YWHAZ monomer with similar effect. Interacts with AKT1, the interaction phosphorylates YWHAZ and modulates dimerization., |
