Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), also known as cyclooxygenase, is the key enzyme in prostaglandin biosynthesis, and acts both as a dioxygenase and as a peroxidase. There are two isozymes of PTGS: a constitutive PTGS1 and an inducible PTGS2, which differ in their regulation of expression and tissue distribution. This gene encodes the inducible isozyme. It is regulated by specific stimulatory events, suggesting that it is responsible for the prostanoid biosynthesis involved in inflammation and mitogenesis. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2009],catalytic activity:Arachidonate + AH(2) + 2 O(2) = prostaglandin H(2) + A + H(2)O.,cofactor:Binds 1 heme B (iron-protoporphyrin IX) group per subunit.,disease:Likely to play a role in inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.,function:May have a role as a major mediator of inflammation and/or a role for prostanoid signaling in activity-dependent plasticity.,induction:By cytokines and mitogens.,miscellaneous:This enzyme acts both as a dioxygenase and as a peroxidase.,miscellaneous:This enzyme is the target of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin.,pathway:Lipid metabolism, prostaglandin biosynthesis.,similarity:Belongs to the prostaglandin G/H synthase family.,similarity:Contains 1 EGF-like domain.,subunit:Homodimer.,
