This gene is predominantly expressed in the testis and lymphocyte-rich areas of spleen and lymph nodes. It encodes a calcium-dependen NADPH oxidase that generates superoxide, and functions as a calcium-dependent proton channel that may regulate redox-dependent processes in lymphocytes and spermatozoa. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2011],cofactor:FAD.,cofactor:Magnesium.,developmental stage:Expressed in fetal tissues.,enzyme regulation:Activated by calcium which induces conformational changes and interaction between the N-terminal regulatory region and the C-terminal catalytic region. Inhibited by diphenylene iodonium.,function:Calcium-dependent NADPH oxidase that generates superoxide. Also functions as a calcium-dependent proton channel and may regulate redox-dependent processes in lymphocytes and spermatozoa. May play a role in cell growth and apoptosis.,induction:Down-regulated by TGFB1.,miscellaneous:Isoforms 3 and 4 of this protein have four functional calcium-binding sites. Isoforms 1 and 2 have the third EF-hand domain interrupted by an insert.,similarity:Contains 1 FAD-binding FR-type domain.,similarity:Contains 1 ferric oxidoreductase domain.,similarity:Contains 4 EF-hand domains.,tissue specificity:Mainly expressed in pachytene spermatocytes of testis and in lymphocyte-rich areas of spleen and lymph nodes. Isoform 3 is expressed in spleen. Isoform 4 is expressed in testis. Also detected in ovary, placenta, pancreas, cardiac fibroblasts. Expressed in B-cells and prostate malignant cells.,
