PER3, GIG13, Period circadian protein homolog 3, hPER3, Cell growth-inhibiting gene 13 protein, Circadian clock protein PERIOD 3
This gene is a member of the Period family of genes and is expressed in a circadian pattern in the suprachiasmatic nucleus, the primary circadian pacemaker in the mammalian brain. Genes in this family encode components of the circadian rhythms of locomotor activity, metabolism, and behavior. This gene is upregulated by CLOCK/ARNTL heterodimers but then represses this upregulation in a feedback loop using PER/CRY heterodimers to interact with CLOCK/ARNTL. Polymorphisms in this gene have been linked to sleep disorders. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2014],function:Component of the circadian clock mechanism which is essential for generating circadian rhythms. Function unknown.,PTM:Phosphorylation appears to require association with PER1 and translocation to the nucleus.,PTM:Ubiquitinated.,similarity:Contains 1 PAC (PAS-associated C-terminal) domain.,similarity:Contains 2 PAS (PER-ARNT-SIM) domains.,subcellular location:Mainly cytoplasmic. Translocates to the nucleus through binding PER1, PER2, CRY1 or CRY2, but not TIMELESS.,subunit:Homodimer. Component of the circadian core oscillator, which includes the CRY proteins, CLOCK or NPAS2, BMAL1 or BMAL2, CSNK1D and/or CSNK1E, TIMELESS and the PER proteins. Interacts directly with PER1, PER2, CRY1, CRY2, and TIMELESS. Interaction with CSNK1D or CSKN1E promotes nuclear location of PER proteins.,
