| The protein encoded by this gene is an SH2-containing 5-inositol phosphatase that is involved in the regulation of insulin function. The encoded protein also plays a role in the regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor turnover and actin remodelling. Additionally, this gene supports metastatic growth in breast cancer and is a valuable biomarker for breast cancer. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2009],catalytic activity:Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate + H(2)O = phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate + phosphate.,disease:Defects in INPPL1 may be a cause of susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus non-insulin dependent (NIDDM) [MIM:125853].,disease:Genetic variations in INPPL1 may be a cause of susceptibility to metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome is characterized by diabetes, insulin resistance, hypertension, and hypertriglyceridemia is absent.,domain:The NPXY sequence motif found in many tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins is required for the specific binding of the PID domain.,domain:The SH2 domain interacts with tyrosine phosphorylated forms of proteins such as SHC1 or FCGR2A. It also mediates the interaction with p130Cas/BCAR1.,enzyme regulation:Activated upon translocation to the sites of synthesis of PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 in the membrane. Enzymatic activity is enhanced in the presence of phosphatidylserine.,function:Phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) phosphatase that specifically hydrolyzes the 5-phosphate of phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P3) to produce PtdIns(3,4)P2, thereby negatively regulating the PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) pathways. Plays a central role in regulation of PI3K-dependent insulin signaling, although the precise molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways remain unclear. While overexpression reduces both insulin-stimulated MAP kinase and Akt activation, its absence does not affect insulin signaling or GLUT4 trafficking. Confers resistance to dietary obesity. May act by regulating AKT2, but not AKT1, phosphorylation at the plasma membrane. Part of a signaling pathway that regulates actin cytoskeleton remodeling. Required for the maintenance and dynamic remodeling of actin structures as well as in endocytosis, having a major impact on ligand-induced EGFR internalization and degradation. Participates in regulation of cortical and submenbraneous actin by hydrolyzing PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 thereby regulating membrane ruffling. Regulates cell adhesion and cell spreading. Required for HGF-mediated lamellipodium formation, cell scattering and spreading. Acts as a negative regulator of EPHA2 receptor endocytosis by inhibiting via PI3K-dependent Rac1 activation. Acts as a regulator of neuritogenesis by regulating PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 level and is required to form an initial protrusive pattern, and later, maintain proper neurite outgrowth. Acts as a negative regulator of the FC-gamma-RIIA receptor (FCGR2A). Mediates signaling from the FC-gamma-RIIB receptor (FCGR2B), playing a central role in terminating signal transduction from activating immune/hematopoietic cell receptor systems. Involved in EGF signaling pathway. Upon stimulation by EGF, it is recruited by EGFR and dephosphorylates PtdIns(3,4,5)P3. Plays a negative role in regulating the PI3K-PKB pathway, possibly by inhibiting PKB activity. Down-regulates Fc-gamma-R-mediated phagocytosis in macrophages independently of INPP5D/SHIP1. In macrophages, down-regulates NF-kappa-B-dependent gene transcription by regulating macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF)-induced signaling. May also hydrolyze PtdIns(1,3,4,5)P4, and could thus affect the levels of the higher inositol polyphosphates like InsP6.,induction:By treatment with bacterial lipopolysaccharide.,miscellaneous:Its ability to confers resistance to dietary obesity suggest that it may serve as a possible therapeutic target in cases of type 2 diabetes and obesity.,PTM:Tyrosine phosphorylated by the members of the SRC family after exposure to a diverse array of extracellular stimuli such as |
