LW106 is a selective IDO1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.57 µM. LW106 has no inhibitory effect on IDO2 and TDO. LW106 inhibits tumor outgrowth by limiting stroma-immune crosstalk and CSC enrichment in the tumor microenvironment. LW106 reduces subpopulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in xenografted tumors in which less proliferative/invasive tumor cells and more tumor cells apoptosis. LW106 can be used for the studies of lung cancer and melanoma[1].