Ginsenoside Rd inhibits TNFalpha-induced NF-kappaB transcriptional activity with an IC50 of 12.050.82 µM in HepG2 cells. Ginsenoside Rd inhibits expression of COX-2 and iNOS mRNA. Ginsenoside Rd also inhibits Ca2+ influx. Ginsenoside Rd inhibits CYP2D6, CYP1A2, CYP3A4, and CYP2C9, with IC50s of 58.04.5 µM, 78.45.3 µM, 81.72.6 µM, and 85.19.1 µM, respectively.