Telocinobufagin (Telobufotoxin, Telocinobufogenin) is an orally active bufadienolide with potential anti-tumor effects. Telocinobufagin exerts its anti-cancer effects on non-small cell carcinoma, osteosarcoma, thyroid cancer, breast cancer and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by inhibiting the STAT3, JAK2/STAT3, LARP1-mTOR, PI3K/Akt/Snail and PLK1 pathways, and can also induce tumor cell apoptosis. Telocinobufagin enhances the Th1 immune response and protects against Salmonella typhimurium infection. Telocinobufagin has a strong cardiac-stimulating effect by inhibiting the activity of Na+/K+-ATPase, and it can promote renal fibrosis. Telocinobufagin demonstrates non-opioid analgesic effects in various acute pain models[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9].
