Anti-inflammatory agent 54 (compound 9c), a Coixol derivative, exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting the NF-kappaB pathway and reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as iNOS, TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-1beta. It effectively suppresses LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW264.7 macrophages with an IC50 of 2.4 µM and demonstrates in vivo efficacy in a mouse auricular edema model [1].
