Advanced glycation endproducts induce changes in glucose consumption, lactate production, and ATP levels in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells by a redox-sensitive mechanism. Advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) accumulate on long-lived proteins, including beta-amyloid plaques in Alzheimers disease. They are suggested to contribute to neuronal dysfunction and cell death. A recent study at Neuroimmunological Cell Biology Unit, Leipzig, Germany investigated the effects of a model AGE upon glucose metabolism and energy production in a neuroblastoma cell line. AGEs decrease cellular ATP levels and increase glucose consumption and lactate production. All of the AGE-induced metabolic changes can be attenuated by antioxidants such as (R+)-alpha-lipoic acid and 17beta-estradiol. These antioxidants may become useful drugs against (AGE-mediated) effects in neurodegeneration through their positive effects on cellular energy metabolism. Reaction of amino groups in protein with glucose leads to the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGE) through the early products such as Schiff base and Amadori rearrangement products. Recent immunological studies using anti-AGE antibody demonstrated the presence of AGE-modified proteins in several human tissues: (i) human lens (non-diabetic and non-cataractous), (ii) renal proximal tubules in patients with diabetic nephropathy and chronic renal failure, (iii) diabetic retina, (iv) peripheral nerves of diabetic neuropathy, (v) atherosclerotic lesions of arterial walls, (vi) b2-microglobulin forming amyloid fibrils in patients with hemodialysis-related amyloidosis, (vii) senile plaques of patients with Alzheimer disease, (viii) peritoneum of CAPD patients, (ix) skin elastin in actinic elastosis, and (x) ceroid/lipofusion deposits. These results suggest a potential role of AGE-modification in normal aging as well as age-enhanced disease processes. Glycated-BSA shows a 5,000-10,000% increase in fluorescence as compared to normal BSA (confirmed by fluorescence spectrophotometry, excitation/emission 370/440nm). Storage and Stability: Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing and store at -70C. Aliquots are stable for 6 months after receipt. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap Note: During extended storage, AGE-BSA may precipitate. In this case, sonication will be helpful to dissolve the precipitates.
Molekulargewicht:
67
Reinheit:
95% by SDS-PAGE
Formulierung:
Supplied as a liquid in PBS, pH 7.2.
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