Interleukin-1 beta, Human, BioAssay(TM) ELISA Kit (IL-1 beta, Catabolin, IL-1B, IL1F2, IL1-beta)

Produktübersicht

• Artikelname: Interleukin-1 beta, Human, BioAssay(TM) ELISA Kit (IL-1 beta, Catabolin, IL-1B, IL1F2, IL1-beta)
• Artikelnummer: USB-I7663-14
• Hersteller Artikelnummer: I7663-14
• Alternativnummer: USB-I7663-14-96
• Hersteller: US Biological
• Kategorie: Kits/Assays
• Applikation: ELISA

Produktbeschreibung

Interleukin 1 (IL-1) is considered the first of the super-family of regulatory and inflammatory cytokines. 1 There are two distinct IL-1 proteins, Interleukin 1b and Interleukin 1a. Il-1 has a number of alternative names, including lymphocyte activating factor, endogenous pyrogen, catabolin, hemopoietin-1, melanoma growth inhibition factor, and osteoclast activating factor (2, 3). The properties and biological activities of IL-1 have been extensively reviewed. IL-1 is expressed by many cells and has multiple functions including local inflammation. Cells known to express IL-1b include astrocytes (6), adrenal cortical cells, 7 NK cells (8), macrophages and monocytes (9), endothelial cells (10), keratinocytes (16), mega-karyocytes and platelets (11, 12), neurons (13), neutrophils (14). oligodendroglia (6), osteoblasts (5), Schwann cells (6), trophoblasts (8) ,and T cells plus fibroblasts (4). IL-1 has multiple functions including local inflammation. Following bacterial or immunoglobulin ligation of monocyte/macrophage CD14 (the LPS receptor) (17) or CD64 (the IgG receptor), (18) IL-1 can be released into a local environment. Within this environment, IL-1 impacts a number of cells. First, capillary endothelial cells are induced to do two things, one, secrete chemokines such as MCP-1 (19), and two, up-regulate the expression of vascular adhesion molecules such as E-Selectin, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1.20 MCP-1 provides a stimulus for chemotaxis and activates mononuclear cell integrins (21), thus facilitating mononuclear infiltration into an area of early inflammation. IL-1 also induces expression of itself in newly arriving monocytes, thus reinforcing the overall process (22). In terms of other pro-inflammatory molecules, IL-1 apparently is needed for the efficient production of IFN-g. On resident NK cells, IL-1 apparently works in conjunction with macrophage-derived IL-12 to induce IFN-g secretion ( 23), resulting in an IFN-g induced activation of macrophages (24). Finally, IL-1 also induces the expression of MMPs from resident fibroblasts. This can have at least two effects, first extracellular matrix degradation can facilitate monocyte migration, and second, MMPs are known to degrade IL-1b, thus down-modulating the local inflammatory response initiated by IL-1. IL-1 is generally thought of as prototypical pro-inflammatory cytokines (2, 3). The effects of IL-1, however, are not limited to inflammation, as IL-1 has also has been associated with bone formation and re-modeling (5, 25), insulin secretion (26, 27), appetite regulation (28, 29), fever induction, neuronal phenotype development, and IGF/GH physiology (30-32). This IL-1b ELISA is a 3.5 hour solid phase immunoassay readily applicable to measure IL-1b levels in serum, plasma, cell culture supernatant, and other biological fluids in the range of 0 to 400pg/ml. It showed no cross reactivity with various other cytokines superfamily proteins. This IL-1b ELISA is expected to be effectively used for further investigations into the relationship between IL-1b and various diseases. Principle of the Assay: This IL-1b enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) applies a technique called a quantitative sandwich immunoassay. The microtiter plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with a monoclonal antibody specific to IL-1b. Standards or samples are then added to the appropriate microtiter plate wells with a biotin-conjugated monoclonal antibody preparation specific for IL-1b and incubated. IL-1b if present, will bind and become immobilized by the antibody pre-coated on the wells and then be sandwiched by biotin conjugate. The microtiter plate wells are thoroughly washed to remove unbound IL-1b and other components of the sample. In order to quantitate the amount of IL-1b present in the sample, Avidin conjugated to Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) is added to each microplate well and incubated. Avidin is a tetramer containing four identical subunits that each have a high affinity binding sit