| Most commonly-used phorbol ester. Binds to and activates protein kinase C (PKC) at nM concentrations. Induces cell growth arrest through a variety of pathways including the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways mediated by cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors such as p21WAF1/CIP1, p27KIP1, p15 and p16. Potent mouse skin tumor promoter. Promoter of inducible NOS (iNOS, NOS II). Apoptosis inducer. Potential effective cancer therapeutic agent. Inhibitor of anti-lipolytic activity of insulin. Synonyms: PMA, TPA, 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, tetradecanoic acid, (1aR,1bS,4aR,7aS,7bS,8R,9R,9aS)-9a-(acetyloxy)-1a,1b,4,4a,5,7a,7b,8,9,9a-decahydro-4a,7b-dihydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-1,1,6,8-tetramethyl-5-oxo-1H-cyclopropa[3,4]benz[1,2-e]azulen-9-yl ester CAS No: 16561-29-8 Molecular Formula: C36H56O8 Molecular Weight: 616.83 Appearance: Colorless film Purity: 99% (HPLC, TLC) Solubility: DMSO, Methanol, Ethanol Storage and Stability: May be stored at RT for short-term only. Long-term storage is recommended at -20C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial prior to removing the cap. Light sensitive. |
