4-Octyl itaconate is a cell-permeable analog of itaconic acid which activates the anti-inflammatory transcription factor Nrf2 via alkylation of KEAP1.1 It inhibits various forms of cell death including ferroptosis2 and gasdermin B-mediated pyroptosis3 while inducing secretion of anti-inflammatory proteins4 and promoting a wound-resolving phenotype in pro-inflammatory macrophages5.
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