ABCD-3,C3Xkine,chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1,CX3C membrane-anchored chemokine,C-X3-C motif chemokine 1,CXC3,CXC3C,fractalkine,neurotactin,NTN,NTT,SCYD1,small inducible cytokine subfamily D (Cys-X3-Cys), member 1 (fractalkine, neurotactin),small inducible cytokine subfamily D (Cys-X3-Cys), member-1,small-inducible cytokine D1.
Acts as a ligand for both CX3CR1 and integrins. Binds to CX3CR1 (PubMed:23125415, PubMed:9931005, PubMed:21829356). Binds to integrins ITGAV:ITGB3 and ITGA4:ITGB1. Can activate integrins in both a CX3CR1-dependent and CX3CR1-independent manner. In the presence of CX3CR1, activates integrins by binding to the classical ligand-binding site (site 1) in integrins. In the absence of CX3CR1, binds to a second site (site 2) in integrins which is distinct from site 1 and enhances the binding of other integrin ligands to site 1 (PubMed:23125415, PubMed:24789099). The soluble form is chemotactic for T-cells and monocytes and not for neutrophils. The membrane-bound form promotes adhesion of those leukocytes to endothelial cells. May play a role in regulating leukocyte adhesion and migration processes at the endothelium (PubMed:9024663, PubMed:9177350).
