Beta-Granin, CGA, CHGA, Chromogranin A Parathyroid Secretory Protein 1, ER-37, Pancreastatin, Parastatin, Parathyroid Secretory Protein 1, Pituitary Secretory Protein I, SP-I, Vasostatin I or II
Chromogranin A is present in neuroendocrine cells throughout the body, including the neuroendocrine cells of the large and small intestine, adrenal medulla and pancreatic islets. It is an excellent marker for carcinoid tumors, pheochromocytomas, paragangliomas, and other neuroendocrine tumors. Co-expression of chromogranin A and neuron specific enolase (NSE) is common in neuroendocrine neoplasms. Reportedly, co-expression of certain keratins and chromogranin indicates neuroendocrine lineage. The presence of strong anti-chromogranin staining and absence of anti-keratin staining should raise the possibility of paraganglioma. The co-expression of chromogranin and NSE is typical of neuroendocrine neoplasms. Most pituitary adenomas and prolactinomas readily express chromogranin.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Higher concentration may be required for direct detection using primary antibody conjugates than for indirect detection with secondary antibody|Immunofluorescence: 1-2 ug/mL|Does not react with rat, others not known|Immunohistology formalin-fixed 0.5-1 ug/mL|Staining of formalin-fixed tissues requires boiling tissue sections in 10 mM citrate buffer, pH 6.0, for 10-20 min followed by cooling at RT for 20 minutes|Flow Cytometry 0.5-1 ug/million cells/0.1 mL|Optimal dilution for a specific application should be determined by user
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