Heparan sulfate structures, which are responsible for executing multiple biologic activities, are generated and regulated by heparan sulfate biosynthetic enzymes. HS2ST1 is a 356 amino acid single-pass type II membrane protein that localizes to the golgi apparatus and belongs to the sulfotransferase 3 family. Expressed as multiple alternatively spliced isoforms, HS2ST1 functions to catalyze the transfer of sulfate groups to hexuronic acid residues within maturing heparan sulfate (HS), an event which is crucial for proper HS-related ligand binding and signaling processes. HS2ST1 is subject to post-translational N-glycosylation and, in addition to its role in HS function, may be involved in proper kidney formation.
