Reticulon-4B, RTN 4B, Foocen-M, RTN-xS, Neurite outgrowth inhibitor, Neuroendocrine-specific protein, Neuroendocrine-specific protein C homolog,
Reticulon-4 is a developmental neurite growth regulatory factor with a role as a negative regulator of axon-axon adhesion and growth, and as a facilitator of neurite branching. It regulates neurite fasciculation, branching and extension in the developing nervous system. Reticulon-4 is also Involved in down-regulation of growth, stabilization of wiring and restriction of plasticity in the adult CNS. Isoform 2 of the Reticulon-4 protein, also known as Nogo-B or Reticulon-4B, reduces the anti-apoptotic activity of Bcl-xl and Bcl-2. This is likely consecutive to their change in subcellular location, from the mitochondria to the endoplasmic reticulum, after binding and sequestration. Isoform 2 (Nogo-B) and isoform 3 (Nogo-C) inhibit BACE1 activity and amyloid precursor protein processing. Nogo-B is mainly localized primarily in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where it participates in the maintenance of ER tubular shape and functions. Nogo-B is expressed in most tissues and is associated with diverse processes such as vascular remodeling, liver regeneration, liver cirrhosis, pulmonary hypertension, and inflammatory bowel disease.
