Raf-1 is an ubiquitously expressed cytoplasmic protein with intrinsic serine/ threonine kinase activity. Raf-1, or c-Raf, is the cellular homolog of v-Raf, the product of the transforming gene of the 3611 strain of murine sarcoma virus. The unregulated kinase activity of the v-Raf protein is associated with cellular transformation and mitogenesis. Raf-1 is normally suppressed by its regulatory N-terminal domain. Raf-1 is activated in response to a variety of tyrosine kinase receptors as well as in response to pp60v-Src expression. Specifically, Raf-1 is phosphorylated in the catalytic domain at Ser 338 and, to a lesser extent, Ser 339. This phosphorylation requires the co-activation of PI 3-kinase and the Ras signaling pathway. Raf-1 is also phosphorylated on Tyr 340 and 341, which induces the phosphorylation of MEK. Phosphorylation of Ser 621 is essential for the catalytic activity of Raf-1 and downregulation by c-AMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA). PKA also phosphorylates Raf-1 on Ser 43 and Ser 259. PKA phosphorylation of Ser 259 inhibits Raf-1 and decreases the phosphorylation necessary for Raf-1 activation at Ser 338.
The antibody was affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogen and the purity is > 95% (by SDS-PAGE).
Form:
1 mg/ml in Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) with 0.05% sodium azide, approx. pH 7.3.
Application Dilute:
WB: 1:500~1:1000
Application Notes:
RAF1 (phospho-S289) polyclonal antibody detects endogenous levels of RAF1 protein only when phosphorylated at Ser289 .
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