NOS3, Nitric oxide synthase, endothelial, Constitutive NOS, cNOS, EC-NOS, Endothelial NOS, eNOS, NOS type III, NOSIII
Nitric oxide is a reactive free radical which acts as a biologic mediator in several processes, including neurotransmission and antimicrobial and antitumoral activities. Nitric oxide is synthesized from L-arginine by nitric oxide synthases. Variations in this gene are associated with susceptibility to coronary spasm. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2009],catalytic activity:L-arginine + n NADPH + n H(+) + m O(2) = citrulline + nitric oxide + n NADP(+).,cofactor:Binds 1 FAD.,cofactor:Binds 1 FMN.,cofactor:Heme group.,cofactor:Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4). May stabilize the dimeric form of the enzyme.,enzyme regulation:Stimulated by calcium/calmodulin. Inhibited by NOSIP and NOSTRIN.,function:Produces nitric oxide (NO) which is implicated in vascular smooth muscle relaxation through a cGMP-mediated signal transduction pathway. NO mediates vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced angiogenesis in coronary vessels and promotes blood clotting through the activation of platelets.,online information:Nitric oxide synthase entry,polymorphism:Variation in NOS3 seem to be associated with susceptibility to coronary spasm.,similarity:Belongs to the NOS family.,similarity:Contains 1 FAD-binding FR-type domain.,similarity:Contains 1 flavodoxin-like domain.,subcellular location:Specifically associates with actin cytoskeleton in the G2 phase of the cell cycle, which is favored by interaction with NOSIP and results in a reduced enzymatic activity.,subunit:Homodimer. Interacts with NOSIP and NOSTRIN.,tissue specificity:Platelets, placenta, liver and kidney.,
