APOBEC3A, Probable DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3A, Phorbolin-1
This gene is a member of the cytidine deaminase gene family. It is one of seven related genes or pseudogenes found in a cluster, thought to result from gene duplication, on chromosome 22. Members of the cluster encode proteins that are structurally and functionally related to the C to U RNA-editing cytidine deaminase APOBEC1. The protein encoded by this gene lacks the zinc binding activity of other family members. The protein plays a role in immunity, by restricting transmission of foreign DNA such as viruses. One mechanism of foreign DNA restriction is deamination of foreign double-stranded DNA cytidines to uridines, which leads to DNA degradation. However, other mechanisms are also thought to be involved, as anti-viral effect is not dependent on deaminase activity. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided bcofactor:Zinc.,function:Lacks cytidine deaminase activity, at least on RNA molecules (monomeric nucleoside substrates or synthetic apoB RNA template). Unable to reduce HIV-1 infectivity in vitro.,miscellaneous:It is one of seven related genes or pseudogenes found in a cluster, thought to result from gene duplication, on chromosome 22.,similarity:Belongs to the cytidine and deoxycytidylate deaminase family.,tissue specificity:Expressed in peripherical leukocytes and keratinocytes.,
