This gene, CYP2A6, encodes a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes. The cytochrome P450 proteins are monooxygenases which catalyze many reactions involved in drug metabolism and synthesis of cholesterol, steroids and other lipids. This protein localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and its expression is induced by phenobarbital. The enzyme is known to hydroxylate coumarin, and also metabolizes nicotine, aflatoxin B1, nitrosamines, and some pharmaceuticals. Individuals with certain allelic variants are said to have a poor metabolizer phenotype, meaning they do not efficiently metabolize coumarin or nicotine. This gene is part of a large cluster of cytochrome P450 genes from the CYP2A, CYP2B and CYP2F subfamilies on chromosome 19q. The gene was formerly referred to as CYP2A3, however, it has been renamed CYP2A6. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008],catalytic activity:RH + reduced flavoprotein + O(2) = ROH + oxidized flavoprotein + H(2)O.,cofactor:Heme group.,function:Exhibits a high coumarin 7-hydroxylase activity. Can act in the hydroxylation of the anti-cancer drugs cyclophosphamide and ifosphamide. Competent in the metabolic activation of aflatoxin B1. Constitutes the major nicotine C-oxidase.,induction:By phenobarbital and dexamethasone.,online information:CYP2A6 alleles,online information:CYP2A6 entry,similarity:Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.,tissue specificity:Liver.,
