24(S)-Hydroxycholesterol is an important cholesterol metabolite (cholesterol 24-hydroxylase) found in the brain.1 It is an endogenous agonist of the nuclear receptor LXR.2 It has been shown to induce cell death in neuroblastoma cells3, possibly via a necroptosis pathway4. 24(S)-Hydroxycholesterol has also been found to be a high affinity ligand for RORalpha and RORgamma (Ki = 25 nM).5 24(S)-Hydroxycholesterol levels are elevated in the cerebral spinal fluids of patients with neurogenerative diseases suggesting possible clinical applications.6,7 It was also able to reduce Abeta production and increase ER-resident immature amyloid precursor protein (APP) levels in human neuroblastoma SH-Sy5Y cells and CHO cells via inhibition of intracellular amyloid precursor protein trafficking.7
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