Motolimod (926927-61-9) is a selective Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8) agonist (EC50 = 100 nM). It stimulates the production of TNFalpha and IL-12 from monocytes and myeloid dendritic cells. Motolimod also stimulated IFNgamma production from NK cells and increased their toxicity against K562 and ADCC by rituximab and trastuzumab.1,2 It induced apoptosis in monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells.3 Motolimod is being investigated in combination with other cancer immunotherapies.4,5 Motolimod has also been shown in induce secreted IL-1b and IL-8 via activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome.6
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