Blocker of INter-membrane stress responses of Gram-negative bacteria
BING is an antimicrobial peptide found in the plasma of the Japanese rice fish medaka (Oryzias latipes), derived from vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 13D-like (Vps13D). BING possesses toxicity against a broad range of gram-positive and negative bacteria including drug resistant strains, at concentrations that have low toxicity to mammalian cell lines. BING treatment induces deregulation of periplasmic peptidyl-prolyl isomerases in gram-negative bacteria and also reduces the RNA level of cpxR, an upstream regulator of envelope stress responses which plays a crucial role in the development of antimicrobial resistance.
