Epinecidin-1 is a synthetic antimicrobial peptide that was originally identified from orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides). Epinecidin-1 possesses broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Vibrio vulnificus, Helicobactor pylori, E. coli, and MRSA as well as antiviral activity and wound healing effects, and is also able to modulate lipoteichoic acid (LTA) induced inflammation in murine Raw 264.87 macrophages by preventing toll-like receptor internalization. In addition to its antibacterial and immunomodulatory activities, epinecidin-1 exhibits anti-cancer activity in synovial sarcoma and glioblastoma cells as an inducer of oxidative stress, and has activity aganst lung cancer.
