A 83-01 is a potent inhibitor of TGF- beta type I receptor ALK5 kinase, type I activin/nodal receptor ALK4 and type I nodal receptor ALK7, with IC50 values of 12, 45 and 7.5 nM respectively, and only weak inhibition of ALK-1, -2, -3, -6 and MAPK. A 83-01 inhibits differentiation of rat induced pluripotent stem cells (riPSCs) and increases clonal expansion efficiency. A 83-01 helps maintain homogeneity and long-term in vitro self-renewal of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) and also promotes neural differentiation of hPSCs as part of a chemical cocktail.