Propionyl-L-carnitine is an orally active L-carnitine derivative. Propionyl-L-carnitine has a high affinity for muscle L-carnitine transferase. Propionyl-L-carnitine increases Apoptosis, Bax, and reduces NF-kappaB, VCAM-1, MCP-1, and survivin. Propionyl-L-carnitine activates Src kinase, Akt, induces p-AMPK and nitric oxide synthesis. Propionyl-L-carnitine alleviates cardiovascular disease, obesity, and colitis[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10].
