Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) sodium, an orally active omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (omega-3 LC-PUFA), demonstrates a unique ability to demethylate DNA, thereby facilitating the re-expression of the tumor suppressor gene CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein delta (C/EBPdelta). This compound also activates the RAS/ERK/C/EBPbeta pathway by demethylating H-Ras intron 1 CpG island in U937 leukemia cells and promotes the relaxation of vascular smooth muscle cells, leading to vasodilation.
