Phenyl sulfate is a gut microbiota-derived metabolite of tyrosine and a recognized uremic toxin. At a concentration of 30 µM, phenyl sulfate reduces the survival of differentiated human urinary podocyte-like epithelial cells (HUPECs), decreases intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels, and induces mitochondrial dysfunction. In a db/db mouse model of diabetes, phenyl sulfate administered at a dose of 50 mg/kg induces podocyte damage and albuminuria. Elevated plasma levels of phenyl sulfate are correlated with the progression of albuminuria in patients suffering from diabetic kidney disease, highlighting its role as a biomarker and potential therapeutic target.
Molecular Weight:
174.17
CAS Number:
[937-34-8]
Formula:
C6H6O4S
Target:
Others|||Endogenous Metabolite
T77988
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