TNFalpha (Tumor necrosis factor alpha) is produced by immune and epithelial cells. It plays important roles in regulating inflammation, apoptosis, and immune response. It exerts its function mainly by binding of two cell surface receptors TNFR1 and TNFR2. Treating cells with TNFalpha activates the NFkappaB, MAPK, and death signaling pathways. The recombinant TNFalpha protein consists of the extracellular domain (amino acids 77-233) of full length TNFalpha. It induces apoptosis of various cancer cells at the concentration of 10-100 ng/mL + 1 ug/mL cycloheximide (a protein translation inhibitor). It is generated from GST-TNFalpha (catlog U1130) by removal of the N-terminal GST tag.
