| Chemoattractant for blood monocytes, memory T-helper cells and eosinophils. Causes the release of histamine from basophils and activates eosinophils. May activate several chemokine receptors including CCR1, CCR3, CCR4 and CCR5. One of the major HIV-suppressive factors produced by CD8+ T-cells. Recombinant RANTES protein induces a dose-dependent inhibition of different strains of HIV-1, HIV-2, and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). The processed form RANTES(3-68) acts as a natural chemotaxis inhibitor and is a more potent inhibitor of HIV-1-infection. The second processed form RANTES(4-68) exhibits reduced chemotactic and HIV-suppressive activity compared with RANTES(1-68) and RANTES(3-68) and is generated by an unidentified enzyme associated with monocytes and neutrophils (PubMed:16791620, PubMed:1380064, PubMed:8525373, PubMed:9516414, PubMed:15923218). May also be an agonist of the G protein-coupled receptor GPR75, stimulating inositol trisphosphate production and calcium mobilization through its activation. Together with GPR75, may play a role in neuron survival through activation of a downstream signaling pathway involving the PI3, Akt and MAP kinases. By activating GPR75 may also play a role in insulin secretion by islet cells (PubMed:23979485). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1380064, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15923218, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16791620, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17001303, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23979485, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8525373, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9516414}. Biological Activity: Fully biologically active when compared to standard. The biological activity determined by a chemotaxis bioassay using human peripheral blood monocytes is in a concentration range of 1.0-10ng/ml. Sequence: SPYSSDTTPC CFAYIARPLP RAHIKEYFYT SGKCSNPAVV FVTRKNRQVC ANPEKKWVRE YINSLEMS Molecular Weight: 7.8kD PubMed ID: 2456327, 10213461, 16791620, 15489334, 1380064, 7524281, 8525373, 9516414, 15923218, 17001303, 23979485, 7537088, 7542919, 9889151, Gene Name: CCL5,D17S136E,SCYA5 Swiss Prot: P13501 Storage and Stability: Lyophilized powder may be stored at -20C. Stable for 12 months at -20C. Reconstitute with sterile PBS. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20C. Reconstituted product is stable for 12 months at -20C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer. |
