| Cytokine that binds to and signals through the IL1RL2/IL-36R receptor which in turn activates NF-kappa-B and MAPK signaling pathways in target cells linked to a pro-inflammatory response. Part of the IL-36 signaling system that is thought to be present in epithelial barriers and to take part in local inflammatory response, similar to the IL-1 system with which it shares the coreceptor IL1RAP. Seems to be involved in skin inflammatory response by acting on keratinocytes, dendritic cells and indirectly on T cells to drive tissue infiltration, cell maturation and cell proliferation. Induces the production of proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-12, Il-1 beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha and IL-23 in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs). Involved in dendritic cell maturation by stimulating the surface expression of CD80, CD86 and MHC class II. Induces the production of IFN-gamma, IL-4 and IL-17 by cultured CD4(+) T cells and splenocytes. May play a role in proinflammatory effects in the lung: induces the expression of CXCL1 and CXCL2 in the lung, and the expression of TNF-alpha, IL-36c, IL-1A, IL-1B, CXCL1 and CXCL2 in isolated splenic CD11c(+) alveolar macrophages. May be involved in T cell maturation by stimulating the surface expression of CD40 and modestly CD80 and CD86 in splenic CD11c(+) cells. May be involved in CD4(+) T cell proliferation. Induces NF-kappa B activation in macrophages. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:21860022, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21965679, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23029241, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24829417}. Biological Activity: Fully biologically active when compared to standard. The ED50 as determined by inducing IL-6 secretion in murine NIH/3T3 cells is less than 25ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of > 4.0x10e4 IU/mg. Sequence: RAASPSLRHV QDLSSRVWIL QNNILTAVPR KEQTVPVTIT LLPCQYLDTL ETNRGDPTYM GVQRPMSCLF CTKDGEQPVL QLGEGNIMEM YNKKEPVKAS LFYHKKSGTT STFESAAFPG WFIAVCSKGS CPLILTQELG EIFITDFEMI VVH Molecular Weight: 17.1kDa PubMed ID: 10744718, 11466363, 16141072, 20101239, 21860022, 21965679, 21881584, 23029241, 24829417 Gene Name: Il36a,Fil1e,Il1e,Il1f6,Il1h1 Swiss Prot: Q9JLA2 Storage and Stability: Lyophilized and reconstituted products are stable for 6 months after receipt at -20C. Reconstitute with sterile PBS. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer. |
