TGF-beta 1 is a member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) family. The transforming growth factor-beta family of polypeptides are involved in the regulation of cellular processes, including cell division, differentiation, motility, adhesion and death. TGF-beta 1 positively and negatively regulates many other growth factors. It inhibits the secretion and activity of many other cytokines including interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and various interleukins. It can also decrease the expression levels of cytokine receptors. Meanwhile, TGF-beta 1 also increases the expression of certain cytokines in T cells and promotes their proliferation, particularly if the cells are immature. TGF-beta 1 also inhibits proliferation and stimulates apoptosis of B cells, and plays a role in controlling the expression of antibody, transferrin and MHC class II proteins on immature and mature B cells. As for myeloid cells, TGF-beta 1can inhibit their proliferation and prevent their production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediates. However, as with other cell types, TGF-beta 1 also has the opposite effect on cells of myeloid origin. TGF-beta 1 is a multifunctional protein that controls proliferation, differentiation and other functions in many cell types. It plays an important role in bone remodeling as it is a potent stimulator of osteoblastic bone formation, causing chemotaxis, proliferation and differentiation in committed osteoblasts. Once cells lose their sensitivity to TGF-beta1-mediated growth inhibition, autocrine TGF-beta signaling can promote tumorigenesis. Elevated levels of TGF-beta1 are often observed in advanced carcinomas, and have been correlated with increased tumor invasiveness and disease progression. Recombinant protein corresponding to aa279-390 from mature human TGF-b1, expressed in HEK293 cells. Uniprot/Swiss Accession: P01137 Biological Activity: 1. Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized human TGF-beta 1 at 2ug/ml (100ul/well) can bind human TGFBR2 with a linear range of 0.78-11ng/ml. 2.Measured by its ability to inhibit the IL-4 dependent proliferation of HT2 mouse T cells. The ED50 for this effect is 12.85-51.40pg/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of 1.95*10e7~7.78*10e7 units/mg. 3. Measured in a cell proliferation assay using Mv.1.lu cells. The ED50 for this effect is 0.08-0.32ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of 3.13*10e6~1.25*10e7 units/mg. Storage and Stability: Lyophilized and reconstituted products are stable for 6 months after receipt at -20C. Reconstitute with sterile ddH2O. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.
Supplied as a lyophilized powder in 50mM glycine, 150mM sodium chloride, pH 3.5. Reconstitute to a concentration of 0.1-0.5mg/ml in sterile ddH2O. For long term storage, it is recommended to add a carrier protein or stablizer (e.g. 0.1% BSA, 5% HSA, 10% F
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