Carboxylesterase 2 is a member of a serine esterase family composed of enzymes which hydrolyze ester and amide bonds. The members in this family share the serine hydrolase fold observed in other esterases. They have broad substrate specificity from small molecule esters such as phenylester to long chain fatty acid esters and thioesters. They play a major role in the pharmacokinetics of most therapeutic agents containing an ester. By deesterification, they can activate or inactivate the agents. They also participate in the detoxification of drugs such as cocaine and heroin in serum and liver. In addition to narcotics, they can also detoxify organophosphate and carbamate analogues used in agrochemicals or chemical nerve agents, such as malathion, sarin, tabun, and VX. In addition to the hydrolytic activity, they can perform transesterification. This reaction is important for cholesterol homeostasis. Three major human CESs have been identified. CES-1 is highly expressed in liver. CES2 is present in the small intestine, colon, kidney, liver, heart, brain, and testis. CES 3 is brain specific. Carboxylesterase deficiency may be associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma or B-cell lymphocytic leukemia. Recombinant protein corresponding to Gln27-Leu559 from human CES2, expressed in NSO cells with a C-terminal 10 His tag Swiss/UniProt Accession: O00748. SDS-PAGE: ~63kD under reducing conditions Activity: Measured by its ability to hydrolyze p-nitrophenylacetate. The specific activity is >30,000pmol/min/ug. Storage and Stability: Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing and store at -70C. Aliquots are stable for 6 months after receipt. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.