| Mammalian Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize conserved products of microbial metabolism and activate NFkB and other signaling pathways through the adapter protein MyD88. MyD88 functions as an adapter protein in the association of IL-1 receptor associated kinase (IRAK) with the IL-1 receptor. MyD88 contains a characteristic N-terminal death domain, which is essential for NF-kB activation, and an adjacent Toll/Il-1R homology domain (TIR domain), which is responsible for signal transduction. Mal (MyD88 adapter-like, also designated TIR domain-containing adapter protein (TIRAP), wyatt, or TLR-4 adaptor protein) is a cytoplasmic TIR-domain-containing protein that forms homodimers and also heterodimers with MyD88. |
